Maps
Environment and Technology Features
Society and Culture Features
Preface
About the Authors
Note on Spelling and Usage
I. The Emergence of Human Communities, to 500 B.C.E.
1. Nature, Humanity, and History to 3500 B.C.
African Genesis
History and Culture in the Ice Age
The Agricultural Revolutions
Life in Neolithic Communities
Environment and Technology: The Iceman
Diversity and Dominance: Cave Art
2. The First River-Valley Civilizations, 3500-1500 B.C.E.
Mesopotamia
Egypt
The Indus Valley Civilization
Diversity and Dominance: Violence and Order in the Babylonian New Year's Festival
Environment and Technology: Environmental Stress in the Indus Valley
3. New Civilizations in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, 2200-250 B.C.E.
Early China, ca. 2000-221 B.C.E.
Nubia, ca. 3100 B.C.E.-ca. 350 C.E.
Celtic Europe, ca. 1000-50 B.C.E.
First Civilizations of the Americas: The Olmec and Chavin, 1200-250 B.C.E.
Environment and Technology: Divination in Ancient Societies
Diversity and Dominance: Hierarchy and Conduct in the Analects of Confucius
4. The Mediterranean and Middle east, 2000-500 b.c.e.
The Cosmopolitan Middle East, 1700-1100 B.C.E.
The Aegean World, 2000-1100 B.C.E.
The Assyrian Empire, 911-612 B.C.E.
Israel, 2000-500 B.C.E.
Phoenicia and the Mediterranean, 1200-500 B.C.E.
Failure and Transformation, 750-550 B.C.E.
Diversity and Dominance: An Israelite Prophet Castigates the Oppressive Ruling Class
Environment and Technology: Ancient Textiles and Dyes
II. The Formation of New Cultural Communities, 1000 B.C.E.-400 C.E.
5. Greece and Iran, 1000-30 B.C.E.
Ancient Iran, 1000-500 B.C.E.
The Rise of the Greeks, 1000-500 B.C.E.
The Struggle of Persia and Greece, 546-323 B.C.E.
The Hellenistic Synthesis, 323-30 B.C.E.
Diversity and Dominance: The Persian Idea of Kingship
Environment and Technology: The Farmer's Year
6. An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China, 753 B.C.E.-330 C.E.
Rome's Creation of a Mediterranean Empire, 753 B.C.E.-330 C.E.
The Origins of Imperial China, 221 B.C.E.-220 C.E.
Imperial Parallels
Diversity and Dominance: The Treatment of Slaves in Rome and China
Environment and Technology: Water Engineering in Rome and China
7. India and Southeast Asia, 1500 B.C.E.-1025 C.E.
Foundations of Indian Civilization, 1500 B.C.E.-300 C.E.
Imperial Expansion and Collapse, 324 B.C.E.-650 C.E.
Southeast Asia, 50-1025 C.E.
Environment and Technology: Indian Mathematics
Diversity and Dominance: The Situation of Women in the Kama Sutra
III. Growth and Interaction of Cultural Communities, 300 B.C.E.-1200 C.E.
8. Networks of Communication and Exchange, 300 B.C.E.-1100 C.E.
The Silk Road
The Indian Ocean Maritime System
Routes Across the Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
The Spread of Ideas
Diversity and Dominance: The Indian Ocean Trading World
Environment and Technology: Camel Saddles
9. The Sasanid Empire and the Rise of Islam, 200-1300
The Sasanid Empire, 224-651
The Origins of Islam
The Rise and Fall of the Caliphate, 632-1258
Islamic Civilization
Diversity and Dominance: Beggars, Con Men and Singing-Girls
Environment and Technology: Automata
10. Christian Europe Emerges, 300-1200
The Byzantine Empire, 300-1200
Early Medieval Europe, 300-1000
The Western Church
Kievan Russia, 900-1200
Western Europe Revives, 1000-1200
The Crusades, 1095-1204
Diversity and Dominance: Archbishop Adalbert of Hamburg and the Christianization of the Scandinavians and Slavs
Environment and Technology: Cathedral Organs
11. Inner and East Asia, 400-1200
The Sui and Tang Empires, 581-755
Rivals for Power in Inner Asia and China, 600-907
The Emergence of East Asia, to 1200
New Kingdoms in East Asia
Diversity and Dominance::Law and Society in Tang China
Environment and Technology: Writing in East Asia, 400-1200
12. Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas, 200-1500c.e.
Classic-Era Culture and Society in Mesoamerica, 200-900
The Postclassic Period in Mesoamerica, 900-1500
Northern Peoples
Andean Civilizations, 200-1500
Diversity and Dominance: Burials as Historical Texts
Environment and Technology: Inca Roads
IV. Interregional Patterns of Culture and Contact, 1200-1500
13. Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath, 1200-1500
The Rise of the Mongols, 1200-1260
The Mongols and Islam, 1260-1500
Regional Responses in Western Eurasia
Mongol Domination in China, 1271-1368
The Early Ming Empire, 1368-1500
Centralization and Militarism in East Asia, 1200-1500
Diversity and Dominance: Mongol Politics, Mongol Women
Environment and Technology: From Gunpowder to Guns
14. Tropical Africa and Asia, 1200-1500
Tropical Lands and Peoples
New Islamic Empires
Indian Ocean Trade
Social and Cultural Change
Diversity and Dominance: Personal Styles of Rule in India and Mali
Environment and Technology: The Indian Ocean Dhow
15. The Latin West, 1200-1500
Rural Growth and Crisis
Urban Revival
Learning, Literature, and the Renaissance
Political and Military Transformations
Diversity and Dominance: Persecution and Protection of Jews, 1272-1349
Environment and Technology: The Clock
16. The Maritime Revolution, to 1550
Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450
European Expansion, 1400-1550
Encounters with Europe, 1450-1550
Environment and Technology: Vasco da Gama's Fleet
Diversity and Dominance: Cross-Cultural Encounters
V. The Globe Encompassed, 1500-1750
17. Transformations in Europe, 1500-1750
Culture and Ideas
Social and Economic Life
Political Innovations
Environment and Technology: Mapping the World
Diversity and Dominance: Political Craft and Craftiness
18. The Diversity of American Colonial Societies, 1530-1770
The Columbian Exchange
Spanish America and Brazil
English and French Colonies in North America
Colonial Expansion and Conflict
Environment and Technology: The Silver Refinery at Potosí, Bolivia, 1700
Diversity and Dominance: Race and Identity in the Spanish Colonies: Negotiating Hierarchy
19. The Atlantic System and Africa, 1550-1800
Plantations in the West Indies
Plantation Life in the Eighteenth Century
Creating the Atlantic Economy
Africa, the Atlantic, and Islam
Environment and Technology: Amerindian Foods in Africa
Diversity and Dominance: Slavery in West Africa and the Americas
20. Southwest Asia and the Indian Ocean, 1500-1750
The Ottoman Empire, to 1750
The Safavid Empire, 1502-1722
The Mughal Empire, 1526-1761
Trade Empires in the Indian Ocean, 1600-1729
Conclusion
Diversity and Dominance: Islamic Law and Ottoman Rule
Environment and Technology: Metal Currency and Inflation
21. Eastern Eurasia, 1500-1800
Japanese Reunification
The Later Ming and Early Qing Empires
The Russian Empire
Comparative Perspectives
Environment and Technology: East Asian Porcelain
Diversity and Dominance: Gendered Violence: The Yangzhou Massacre
VI. Revolutions Reshape the World, 1750-1890
22. Revolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World, 1750-1850
Prelude to Revolution: The Eighteenth-Century Crisis
The American Revolution, 1775-1800
The French Revolution, 1789-1815
Revolution Spreads, Conservatives Respond, 1789-1850
Environment and Technology: The Pencil
Diversity and Dominance: Robespierre and Wollstonecraft Defend and Explain the Terror
23. The Early Industrial Revolution, 1760-1851
Causes of the Industrial Revolution
The Technological Revolution
The Impact of the Industrial Revolution
New Economic and Political Ideas
Industrialization and the Nonindustrial World
Environment and Technology: The Origin of Graphs
Diversity and Dominance: Adam Smith and the Division of Labor
24. Nation Building and Economic Transformation in the Americas, 1800-1890
Independence in Latin America, 1800-1830
The Problem of Order, 1825-1890
The Challenge of Economic and Social Change
Environment and Technology: Constructing the Port of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Diversity and Dominance: The Afro-Brazilian Experience, 1828
25. Africa, India, and the New British Empire, 1750-1870
Changes and Exchanges in Africa
India Under British Rule
Britain's Eastern Empire
Diversity and Dominance: Ceremonials of Imperial Domination
Environment and Technology: Whaling
26. Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1870
The Ottoman Empire
The Russian Empire
The Qing Empire
Diversity and Dominance: The French Occupation of Egypt
Environment and Technology: The Web of War
VII. Global Dominance and Diversity, 1850-1949
27. The New Power Balance, 1850-1900
New Technologies and the World Economy
Social Changes
Socialism and Labor Movements
Nationalism and the Unification of Germany and Italy
The Great Powers of Europe, 1871-1900
Japan Joins the Great Powers, 1865-1905
Environment and Technology: Railroads and Immigration
Diversity and Dominance: Marx and Engels on Global Trade and the Bourgeoisie
28. The New Imperialism, 1869-1914
The New Imperialism: Motives and Methods
The Scramble for Africa
Asia and Western Dominance
Imperialism in Latin America
The World Economy and the Global Environment
Diversity and Dominance: Two Africans Recall the Arrival of the Europeans
Environment and Technology: Imperialism and Tropical Ecology
29. The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900-1929
Origins of the Crisis in Europe and the Middle East
The "Great War" and the Russian Revolutions, 1914-1918
Peace and Dislocation in Europe, 1919-1929
China and Japan: Contrasting Destinies
The New Middle East
Society, Culture, and Technology in the Industrialized World
Diversity and Dominance: The Middle East After World War I
Environment and Technology: Cities Old and New
30. The Collapse of the Old Order, 1929-1949
The Stalin Revolution
The Depression
The Rise of Fascism
East Asia, 1931-1945
The Second World War
The Character of Warfare
Diversity and Dominance: Women, Family Values, and the Russian Revolution
Environment and Technology: Biomedical Technologies
31. Striving for Independence: Africa, India, and Latin America, 1900-1949
Sub-Saharan Africa, 1900-1945
The Indian Independence Movement, 1905-1947
The Mexican Revolution, 1910-1940
Argentina and Brazil, 1900-1949
Diversity and Dominance: A Vietnamese Nationalist Denounces French Colonialism
Environment and Technology: Gandhi and Technology
VIII. The Perils and Promises of a Global Community, 1945-1975
32. The Cold War and Decolonization, 1945-1975
The Cold War
Decolonization and Nation Building
Beyond a Bipolar World
Diversity and Dominance: Race and the Struggle for Justice in South Africa
33. Crisis, Realignment, and the Dawn of the Post-Cold War World, 1975-1991
Postcolonial Crises and Asian Economic Expansion, 1975-1991
The End of the Bipolar World, 1989-1991
The Challenge of Population Growth
Unequal Development and the Movement of Peoples
Technological and Environmental Change
Diversity and Dominance: The Struggle for Women's Rights in an Era of Global Political and Economic Change
Environment and Technology: The Personal Computer
34. Globalization at the Turn of the Millennium, 1991-2003
Global Political Economies
Trends and Visions
Global Culture
Glossary
Index
