Elementary Geometry For College Students - 5th edition

Daniel C. Alexander has taught mathematics at Parkland College in Champagne, Illinois, for the past fifteen years. Prior to his arrival at Parkland, Professor Alexander taught at the high-school level. He received his undergraduate and graduate degrees at Southern Illinois, Carbondale.

Geralyn Koeberlein teaches mathematics at Mahomet-Seymour High School in Champagne, Illinois. She has been awarded several outstanding teacher awards throughout her 34 year career teaching at Mahomet-Seymour HS.

Note: Each chapter concludes with a Summary, Review Exercises, and a Chapter Test. 1. LINE AND ANGLE RELATIONSHIPS. Sets, Statements, and Reasoning. Informal Geometry and Measurement. Early Definitions and Postulates. Angles and Their Relationships. Introduction to Geometric Proof. Relationships: Perpendicular Lines. The Formal Proof of a Theorem. Perspective on History: The Development of Geometry. Perspective on Application: Patterns. 2. PARALLEL LINES. The Parallel Postulate and Special Angles. Indirect Proof. Proving Lines Parallel. The Angles of a Triangle. Convex Polygons. Symmetry and Transformations. Perspective on History: Sketch of Euclid. Perspective on Application: Non-Euclidean Geometries. 3. TRIANGLES. Congruent Triangles. Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles. Isosceles Triangles. Basic Constructions Justified. Inequalities in a Triangle. Perspective on History: Sketch of Archimedes. Perspective on Application: Pascal's Triangle. 4. QUADRILATERALS. Properties of a Parallelogram. The Parallelogram and Kite. The Rectangle, Square, and Rhombus. The Trapezoid. Perspective on History: Sketch of Thales. Perspective on Application: Square Numbers as Sums. 5. SIMILAR TRIANGLES. Ratios, Rates, and Proportions. Similar Polygons. Proving Triangles Similar. The Pythagorean Theorem. Special Right Triangles. Segments Divided Proportionally. Perspective on History: Ceva's Theorem. Perspective on Application: An Unusual Application of Similar Triangles. 6. CIRCLES. Circles and Related Segments and Angles. More Angle Measures in the Circle. Line and Segment Relationships in the Circle. Some Constructions and Inequalities for the Circle. Perspective on History: Circumference of the Earth. Perspective on Application: Sum of the Interior Angles of a Polygon. 7. LOCUS AND CONCURRENCE. Locus of Points. Concurrence of Lines. More About Regular Polygons. Perspective on History: The Value of Perspective on Application: The Nine-Point Circle. 8. AREAS OF POLYGONS AND CIRCLES. Area and Initial Postulates. Perimeter and Area of Polygons. Regular Polygons and Area. Circumference and Area of a Circle. More Area Relationships in the Circle. Perspective on History: Sketch of Pythagoras. Perspective on Application: Another Look at the Pythagorean Theorem. 9. SURFACES AND SOLIDS. Prisms, Area, and Volume. Pyramids, Area, and Volume. Cylinders and Cones. Polyhedrons and Spheres. Perspective on History: Sketch of Rene Descartes. Perspective on Application: Birds in Flight. 10. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY. The Rectangular Coordinate System. Graphs of Linear Equations and Slope. Preparing to do Analytic Proofs. Analytic Proofs. Equations of Lines. Perspective on History: The Banach-Tarski Paradox. Perspective on Application: The Point-of-Division Formulas. 11. INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY. The Sine Ratio and Applications. The Cosine Ratio and Applications. The Tangent Ratio and Other Ratios. Applications with Acute Triangles. Perspective on History: Sketch of Plato. Perspective on Application: Radian Measure of Angles. APPENDICES. Appendix A: Algebra review. Appendix B: Summary of Constructions, Postulates, and Theorems and Corollaries.