Public Speaking : An Audience Centered Approach - 6th edition

Preface

1 Introduction to Public Speaking

Why Study Public Speaking?
Public Speaking and Conversation
The Communication Process
The Rich Heritage of Public Speaking
Public Speaking and Diversity
Speech Preparation Activity 1.1: Listen to a Speech
Speech Preparation Activity 1.2: Analyze a Speech

2 Overview of the Speechmaking Process

Improving Your Confidence as a Speaker
Preparing Your First Speech: An Overview of the Speechmaking Process
Speech Preparation Activity 2.1: Become a Confident Speaker
Speech Preparation Activity 2.2: Demographic Analysis Worksheet
Speech Preparation Activity 2.3: Conducting an Attitudinal Audience Analysis

3 Ethics and Free Speech

Speaking Freely
Speaking Ethically
Listening Ethically
Speech Preparation Activity 3.1: Ethics and Public Speaking

4 Listening

Stages in Listening
Barriers to Effective Listening
Becoming a Better Listener
Improving Your Note-Taking Skills
Listening and Critical Thinking
Analyzing and Evaluating Speeches
Speech Preparation Activity 4.1: Rank Your Listening Barriers

5 Analyzing Your Audience

Becoming an Audience-Centered Speaker
What Is Audience Analysis?
Analyzing Your Audience Before You Speak
Adapting to Your Audience As You Speak
Analyzing Your Audience After You Speak
Speech Preparation Activity 5.1: Audience Adaptation Exercise

6 Developing Your Speech

Select and Narrow Your Topic
Determine Your Purpose
Develop Your Central Idea
Generate and Preview Your Main Ideas
Meanwhile, Back at the Computer...
Speech Preparation Activity 6.1: Using Your Experience to Select a Topic
Speech Preparation Activity 6.2: Brainstorming Topics
Speech Preparation Activity 6.3: Narrowing Your Topic and Determining Your Purpose

7 Gathering Supporting Material

Personal Knowledge and Experience
The Internet
Library Resources
Interviews
Resources From Special-Interest Groups and Organizations
Research Strategies
Speech Preparation Activity 7.1: Using Five Key Research Sources
Speech Preparation Activity 7.2: Research Action Steps

8 Supporting Your Speech

Illustrations
Descriptions and Explanations
Definitions
Analogies
Statistics
Opinions
Selecting the Best Supporting Material
Speech Preparation Activity 8.1: Identifying Supporting Materials
Speech Preparation Activity 8.2: Supporting Materials for Your Speech
Speech Preparation Activity 8.3: Selecting Supporting Material

9 Organizing Your Speech

Organizing Your Main Ideas
Subdividing Your Main Ideas
Integrating Your Supporting Material
Organizing Your Supporting Material
Developing Signposts
Supplementing Signposts With Visual Aids
Speech Preparation Activity 9.1: Using Organizational Patterns
Speech Preparation Activity 9.2: Using Transitions

10 Introducing and Concluding Your Speech

Purposes of Introductions
Effective Introductions
Purposes of Conclusions
Effective Conclusions
Inspirational Appeals or Challenges
Speech Preparation Activity 10.1: Write Your Introduction
Speech Preparation Activity 10.2: Write Your Conclusion

11 Outlining Your Speech

Preparation Outline
Delivery Outline
Speech Preparation Activity 11.1: Writing Your Preparation Outline
Speech Preparation Activity 11.2: Writing Your Delivery Outline

12 Using Words Well: Speaker Language and Style

Oral Versus Written Language Style
Using Words Effectively
Crafting Memorable Word Structures
Tips for Using Language Effectively
Speech Preparation Activity 12.1: Using Similes

13 Delivering Your Speech

Rehearsing Your Speech
Importance of Delivery
Methods of Delivery
Characteristics of Effective Delivery
Audience Diversity and Delivery
Rehearsing Your Speech: Some Final Tips
Delivering Your Speech
Adapting Your Speech Delivery for Television
Speech Preparation Activity 13.1: Impromptu Speaking

14 Visual Aids

Why Use Visual Aids?
Types of Visual Aids
Guidelines for Developing Visual Aids
Guidelines for Using Visual Aids
Speech Preparation Activity 14.1: Make a Visual Aid

15 Speaking to Inform

Goals of Informative Speaking
Types of Informative Speeches
Strategies for Informing Your Listener
Making Your Informative Speech Memorable
Speech Preparation Activity 15.1: Informative Speaking

16 Principles of Persuasive Speaking

What Is Persuasion?
Motivating Listeners
Developing Your Persuasive Speech
Putting Persuasive Principles into Practice
Speech Preparation Activity 16.1: Analyze a Controversial Topic

17 Strategies for Speaking Persuasively

Establishing Credibility
Using Logic and Evidence to Persuade
Using Emotion to Persuade
Strategies for Adapting Ideas to People and People to Ideas
Strategies for Organizing Persuasive Messages
Speech Preparation Activity 17.1: Persuasive Speaking: Problem-Solution Organization
Speech Preparation Activity 17.2: Persuasive Speaking: Refutation Organization
Speech Preparation Activity 17.3: Persuasive Speaking: Cause-and-Effect Organization
Speech Preparation Activity 17.4: Persuasive Speaking: The Motivated Sequence

18 Special-Occasion Speaking

Read this chapter online on the website
Public Speaking in the Workplace
Ceremonial Speaking
After-Dinner Speaking

19 Speaking in Small Groups

Read this chapter online on the website
Solving Problems in Groups
Tips for Participating in Small Groups
Using the Power of Technology in Groups
Leadership in Small Groups
Managing Meetings
Presenting Group Recommendations
Tips for Planning a Group Presentation

Epilogue
Appendix A The Classical Tradition of Rhetoric
Appendix B Suggested Speech Topics
Appendix C Preparing Visual Aids for Presentations
Appendix D Speeches for Analysis and Discussion
Notes
Index